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Culture & Heritage

Beijing City Library Uses Virtual Worlds for Immersive Reading

Readers tour virtual library spaces, create avatars and talk with AI digital librarians in Beijing's Metaverse Experience Hall.

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Visitors stand beside a cylindrical digital-person display and brightly illuminated screens in Beijing City Library's Metaverse Experience Hall.
Archive photograph.

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Beijing City Library's Metaverse Experience Hall combines virtual library environments and AI digital humans to help visitors explore collections and engage with reading. The library is one of Capital Library's three locations, and the hall's digital-human conversations have operated since the library opened in late 2023.

The project aims to make library services more interactive and encourage readers' interest in books and knowledge. Its five functional zones connect activities in the physical library with virtual experiences.

Virtual touring and reading

The public metaverse recreates spaces based on Beijing City Library. Visitors can explore it from a third-person perspective on a large screen, while smartphone access lets them create avatars, select clothing and accessories, and interact with other readers.

The four themed environments cover:

  • The Children's Library.
  • The Ancient Books and Documents Library.
  • The Art Literature Library.
  • The Intangible Cultural Heritage Literature Library, also described as the Local Literature Library.

Digital tours provide information about the spaces and upcoming activities. Xinhua's February 2025 report described a personal metaverse area in which readers could use supplied virtual objects to build a reading room, with creative director Fei Jun describing visual, auditory and tactile interaction through virtual reality. However, People's Daily's November 2025 report presented room building as a future capability and said the team was developing an online version of the metaverse library. That later report described virtual tours and avatar interaction as operating services.

Digital librarians

Visitors can speak with three digital humans: Lu Xun, Tutu and 2122. AI Lu Xun serves as a special librarian, guiding readers, recommending books from the collection and introducing Beijing's food and cultural attractions. Tutu and 2122 use childlike and futuristic styles respectively to discuss topics with readers through large language models.

Reported use

Xinhua reported in February 2025 that the hall had received more than 2 million visits since the library opened. Separate reporting states that readers had held more than 2 million voice conversations with its digital humans since late 2023. These figures describe visits to the hall and conversations with its characters, respectively.

Quotes

“We use AI digital human technology to create AI Lu Xun, making him a special librarian who guides readers, recommends books from the library's collection, and introduces Beijing's food and cultural and tourism attractions.”

“In addition to traditional printed books, we hope to create an immersive reading space filled with a sense of technology for readers, stimulating readers' interest in reading and their desire to explore knowledge.”

“The core of the Metaverse Experience Hall's design philosophy is to use technologies such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality and augmented reality to reform problems such as the one-dimensional nature and insufficient interactivity of traditional library service models, creating an immersive, multidimensional and highly interactive reading environment. At the same time, we emphasize the personalization of the user experience and the immersiveness of the environment, using deep learning and big data analysis to achieve intelligent content recommendations and personalized services.”

“Based on the spatial characteristics of Beijing City Library, we reconstructed the public metaverse environment. Readers' digital human avatars can enter the four themed environments of the Children's Library, the Ancient Books and Documents Library, the Art Literature Library, and the Intangible Cultural Heritage Literature Library (Local Literature Library), and interact with the environments.”

“This environment combines virtual reality technology to provide readers with multisensory interactive experiences involving sight, hearing and touch. Users feel as though they are in a parallel universe, enjoying immersive reading.”

“The 'Realm of Words' section is equipped with a large language model. Artificial intelligence gives digital humans a 'soul', allowing readers to have a more natural and emotionally rich conversational experience.”

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